UNIT-I
Growth and decay of currents through inductive resistances, charging and discharging in R.C. and R.L.C. circuits, Time constant, Measurement of high resistance. A.C. Bridges, Maxwell's and Scherings Bridges, Wien Bridge. THINLY, NORTON and Superposition theorems and their applications.
UNIT -II
Semiconductors, intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors, n-type and p-type semiconductors, unbiased diode forward bias and reverse bias diodes, diode as a rectifier, diode characteristics, zener diode, avalanche and zener breakdown, power supplies, rectifier, bridge rectifier, capacitor input filter, voltage regulation, zener regulator. Bipolar transistors, three doped regions, forward and reverse bias, DC alpha, DC beta transistor curves.
UNIT - III
Transistor biasing circuits: base bias, emitter bias and voltage divider bias, DC load line. Basic AC equivalent circuits, low frequency model, small signal amplifiers, common emitter amplifier, common collector amplifiers, and common base amplifiers, current and voltage gain, R.C. coupled amplifier, gain, frequency response, equivalent circuit at low, medium and high frequencies, feedback principles.
UNIT-IV
Input and output impedance, transistor as an oscillator, general discussion and theory of Hartley oscillator only. Elements of transmission and reception, basic principles of amplitude modulation and demodulation. Principle and design of linear multimeters and their application, cathode ray oscillograph and its simple applications.